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Peak Oil and Climate Change deal are two historic events for humans and life on earth. The first threatens modern industrial ways of living and the latter threatens the climatic systems that are an integral part of our world and the way we live and survive.

A quick recap on both. Peak Oil is the point of historic maximum global oil flow, Climate Change is the alteration of established climate systems due to (in this case, anthropogenic) global warming. The onset of both will affect food & water supplies, mortality rates, conflict, migration and much more. The evidence that climate change is underway and almost past the point of no return is very strong and Peak Oil day by day gathers more credence as many studies point to an imminent peak.

How do these two events affect each other though?

The decline of global oil supply and the increasing cost of everything as a consequence means we will see our ability to deal with the consequences of Climate Change reduced.

Let us take a look at Britain. The decline of oil and gas will of its own accord make it harder to keep Britain warm but if the Gulf Stream does switch off as a result of Global Warming, the gap between what is needed and what will be available will get wider. The change to a colder climate would have a negative affect on crop growing, at a time when declining oil and gas supplies make the agriculture business more expensive. Warming sea temperatures are pushing fish stocks further afield, out of traditional (and already over-fished) fishing waters. Fishermen, so dependent on oil for their boats, will have to pay more for their fuel to go after these already dwindling and increasingly distant fish stocks. The insurance industry is already facing increasing pressures from Climate Change, but when the economy nose-dives past the oil peak, this double whammy could knock out the insurance industry. Will those in increasingly flood prone areas be able to pay the insurance costs during the recessions brought on by the decline of oil supplies?

The European Environment Agency recently pointed to how Germany is now at risk from more extreme weather, such as heavy rain - which raises the risk of flooding, especially the densely populated plains of central Europe. Cleaning up and repairing that damage costs money and requires energy. The economic climate, post peak, is going to be less able to deal with it. At the other extreme, Italy’s coming crisis is drought, and there is a need there to improve irrigation to improve agriculture. Once again, money and energy are needed, and both will be harder to come by.

Further afield we are seeing glaciers melting and other regions becoming more arid and water flows changing. The ability to process and transport water to these regions will become more expensive, if it is at all possible, since drinking water is already tight in many areas. For example, desalination plants are an energy-intensive way of getting drinking water from sea water. Another option is to build pipelines to transport the water, but this is an expensive and complicated option. What we are likely to see, according to Tearfund, a relief and development agency, is an increase in water refugees.

As river and rain patterns change abruptly, the agriculture that has been grown for those climates will have to change, but the patterns may alter so much that the ability to grow food is severely impaired, and the need for oil and gas for fertiliser and food transportation will go up. This will lead to increases in, for example, famine and drought. With the world economy going into a long-term downturn as a result of Peak Oil, and the cost of everything going up, the willingness and ability from the wealthier (but increasingly less wealthy) world to deal with the problems brought on by Climate Change will decline.

The list goes on. Forest fires will increase, but the ability to fight them will decrease. Disease will spread but the cost and transportation of medicines will increase as a result of the great oil decline, while the ability to pay for them by those in need will decrease. As the world economy goes into recession as a result of oil decline, the ability and willingness of the rich to give to the poor in regions directly affected by Climate Change will wane. Cheap oil has enabled us to tackle many of the world’s problems - to varying degrees - when we have been willing, but Peak Oil marks the beginning of a very big change as far as that goes.

Worryingly, the decline of oil may simply exacerbate Climate Change if we don’t recognise what will happen and we don’t see the whole picture. In our attempt to keep business as usual while trying to reduce Climate Change, we are seeing more of the rainforests being destroyed to grow soya beans to satisfy an enlarged appetite for oil. Nobody needs to be told how important the rainforests are to the world. As for renewables, these are built from materials that need oil. Once again we see that the decline of oil means an increase in costs at a time when the ability to pay for it will be much lower than now. Developing alternatives will become more costly the cost of everything will increase - this is because oil is behind everything we do. And of course there is the likelihood of turning to dirtier hydrocarbons such as coal, when we could investing in things like microgeneration.

A recent article on the website Gristmill.org entitled ‘Peak Oil : Not an environmental silver bullet’ argued that environmentalists hoping that awareness of peak oil will increase support of renewable, decentralised energy is nave when the likely situation is that there will be a stronger turn to environmentally damaging, dirtier fossil fuels. Does that mean that Climate Change activists should shun Peak Oil? Absolutely not. Peak Oil and Climate Change have to be understood as an overall package, not separately, and we should all be looking at this, shouting clearly that “If we’re not careful, we might just end up where we’re heading!”

The main thing about Peak Oil - and this could be what everyone needs to grasp hold of - is that it is symbolic of much more than just oil supplies. Because oil is so important to everything that modern industrial society is based upon, including the assumptions of continuous growth, we can see that the decline of oil will pose serious questions about how we live and the systems, structures and culture we have developed. Peak Oil is therefore a symbol of the high-watermark of the hydrocarbon human and everything associated with it. Care for our environment and our climate should be a big part of the answer because that is what we will have left when the hydrocarbons are gone, and we must place proper value on that. The confluence of Peak Oil and Climate Change means that it is now time to ask ourselves, as a species, the biggest questions we can.

So let’s ask those questions now. What do we want to achieve with our remaining oil (and gas) resources? What do we want our legacy to be? What are we aiming towards as a species and does that meet what we want to achieve as individuals? How do we want to achieve this? Do we want to make the transition as easy as possible? Do we eschew personal responsibility and have blind faith that ‘the markets’ or ‘technology’ will solve everything, thus putting off doing anything?

We can clearly see that things are going to change, but are we going to be led by events or do we lead them? Do we create a way of living that brings us more in balance with the environment and dramatically reduces greenhouse gases through a combination of efficiency and absolute reduction in greenhouse gas emissions? Or is the current way of doing things so important to try to cling on to (even though it is so ultimately futile that we’ll destroy so much in the process) way beyond the point of no return?

It simply does not make sense to expand the use of energy resources that will increase Climate Change if our ability to deal with those magnified consequences will be even more depleted further down the road. This is what has to be made absolutely clear. The great decline of global oil production is bad enough without Climate Change and vice versa - but do we want to make things worse for ourselves and those who follow? Is that to be our legacy? What kind of fool would cover an infected wound with a poisoned bandage?

Peak Oil and Climate Change are a bigger threat together than either are alone. Our biggest hope is to similarly converge our understanding of them, and how to deal with the problems they present. Peak Oil and Climate Change must be fused as issues - an approach is needed to deal with them as a package. If we are looking for answers, the environmental movement has pushed suitable ones for a long time. Peak Oil presents a tremendous chance to push those solutions ahead, failure to incorporate a full understanding of Peak Oil into the solutions argument for Climate Change would be an abject failure.

The bottom line is that business can live with Climate Change to an extent but it is the threat of declining oil supplies that really strikes fear into politicians, economists, and many other people who prefer to ignore Climate Change as a problem, because it will hit them financially, and soon. The Climate Change movement can sell the green solutions to the challenge of oil decline. The Climate Change movement has been saying for a long time that we should change, Peak Oil means categorically we have to change. Fuse them together and hopefully we’ll get more momentum moving us in the right direction.

Written by: James Howard of PowerSwitch.Org.Uk - Raising awareness of Peak Oil in the UK.

Sources:

www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=mg18825265.400 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming#Spread_of_disease en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_security en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desalination gristmill.grist.org/story/2005/11/28/125110/28 www.guardian.co.uk/science/story/0,3605,1654803,00.html www.globalpublicmedia.com/news/539 www.commondreams.org/headlines05/0124-11.htm news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/1234244.stm

Pets. The Wild Kind.
By David Leonhardt

Just because we moved out to the country a couple years back does NOT mean we want to run a farm. Tending to animals is just not how we want to spend our time. We don’t want cows or sheep or chickens. We don’t want hogs or ducks. We don’t even want a dog or a cat to train.

OK, so my wife says that she wants a cat, but that’s only because she knows I won’t have anything to do with it. I suspect that if I ever said, “OK, you win. Let’s get a cat”, she would run screaming down the stairs pulling at her hair and just keep on running…causing damage to the stairway carpet, not to mention the window at the bottom of the staircase.

We don’t want a parrot or a rabbit or a hamster or even a mouse.

But when you live in the country, you have pets, whether you like it or not.

The first summer, we were welcomed by Muffet the skunk. Although she never responded to that name, we let her keep it. She just loved our compost heap. In fact, she had a frequent-eater pass at the all-you-can-eat compost buffet.

The second summer we were skunk-free, but this summer we were blessed with a new traveling perfume salesman. We did not name him, but we have determined that he is on a diet. He stays away from the all-you-can-eat compost buffet.

He is also much less intelligent than Muffet. When we see him, we jump and shout and wave our hands to get his attention,. But we usually have to get his attention three or four times before something in his microbe-sized brain clicks in and says, “Wait a minute. That’s not the hot dog vendor beckoning me to clean up his leftovers. Maybe I should turn around.”

But he is smart enough provide a two-tier burglar deterent. First, he drives them away with his odor. “Peee-ew. Let’s go rob the Jensons down the road.” Second he digs thousands of tiny pits all over the lawn to trip any burglar foolish enough to try to escape.

And to answer your question, no I did not personally verify the gender of these skunks. But you are free to check if you doubt my word.

This summer, we discovered an exotic spider (See http://www.vitamin-supplements-store.net/spider.html ). Painted on its inch-long black back are two bright yellow eyes. Spooky. We even watched it wrap its prey - a small, light brown flying thingy. With amazing speed, the spider scurried from the center of her web toward the helpless victim at least a foot away. Then in a matter of two seconds flat, the spider spun the fly around three or four times, weaving it into a web cocoon like rolling a corpse in a carpet behind Luigi’s Fine Finer and Smokes. No gangster could have operated with one tenth the speed.

Just a few hours ago, I was proud to show off a bees nest over a foot tall hanging from a low branch in our One Acre Woods.

“Wow. It’s just like in Winnie the Pooh!” That was Little Lady, now 3 years and 3 months old.

“Destroy it. There must be thousands of bees in there!” That was my wife.

The fact is that I have had to destroy four bees nests in the past three weeks, all between the stones in our foundation. I am not keen to drive the bees away from their forest nest and toward the house. In fact, I think I’ll post an arrow sign near the house pointing to the forest: “Cheap rent. Spacious hive. Vibrant community.”

So far, we’ve avoided the pets inside the house - we won’t discuss the “storm trooper ants incident” or the midnight mouse-trap peanut-butter visits - and we have kept the hogs and sheep at bay (although the chickens sheepishly crawl through the fence and the stray cats like to run hog wild around our land).

No pets, perhaps. But you still have to share your space with skunks and spiders and bees when you live in the country.

Coming soon to a humor column near you: How I adopted 14,673 cluster flies on a Tuesday afternoon….without even breaking into a sweat.

About the Author

David Leonhardt publishes The Happy Guy humor column:
http://www.thehappyguy.com/positive-thinking-free-ezine.html
Read his humor articles:
http://www.thehappyguy.com/humor-articles.html
Visit his home page:
http://www.thehappyguy.com
David is owner of The Liquid Vitamin Supplements Store:
http://www.vitamin-supplements-store.net

I know that many out there want to improve their photography in one aspect. Flower photography. With gardening as popular as it is this shouldn’t be a surprise. Flower photography while looking like one of the simplest forms of photography can quickly become one of the most difficult. Here are a few tips for you. (Keeping in mind that basic good photography skills are always used.)

1. Soft diffuse light. Today it’s very overcast outside, and if there were any flowers in bloom today would be the perfect day for capturing some great images. Soft diffuse light enhances color saturation, so if you wondered how or why pro photographers flower images seem so deep in color this is one of the reasons why. (There are exceptions to this rule. I do some flower photography is bright or dappled sunlight but I’m usually trying to get an effect of light passing through the petals.)

2. Slow film speed. 200 speed or less. The slower speed films have greater detail and for flowers you’re going to need to get close anyway and you want the nice sharp detail of a slower speed of film. I use 100 speed for my flower photography.

3. Tripod. Use one for this type of photography. Set up your shot, get everything in sharp focus, and then shoot. A tripod will keep your camera from moving on you and allow you to get the sharp detail you will need.

4. Look for great colors, a flower in full bloom next to a bud, and don’t shoot on windy days. Keep contrast and color in mind at all times and try different compositions each time you take a shot.

Flower photography can be a lot of fun especially if the flowers are your own.

If you have some specific questions please visit my Photography and Design Forum at: http://kellypaalphotography.com/v-web/bulletin/bb/index.php and post your question there.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Copyright 2005 Kelly Paal
Kelly Paal is a Freelance Nature and Landscape Photographer, exhibiting nationally and internationally. She owns her own business Kelly Paal Photography (www.kellypaalphotography.com). She has an educational background in photography, business, and commercial art. She enjoys applying graphic design and photography principles to her web design.

Clean Vacationing
(409 words)

Admit it. When the sun is out and you are at your favorite campsite or cottage on the lake the last thing you want to do is spend a lot of time cooking a meal. Often, when vacationing, the lure to purchase instant foods is strong. Unfortunately, these convenience foods often come over packaged usually including some type of plastic. As we can see when we come across trash in the wilderness, the plastics tend to linger the longest - other than maybe glass and metal. Nothing ruins the feel of a pristine, natural area more than a bunch of garbage. Numerous studies prove that tourists return to an area primarily for its cleanliness and greenery. In this era where the economy has come to rely more on tourism, cleaning up is truly a benefit for the community.

We soon realized that walking by these messes and complaining over such disrespect, we were behaving not much better than the polluters who left it. Now when we hike we pack a supply of plastic bags (grocery bags work well) to clean up as we go. Often we earn up to $10 in returnable bottles and cans in the process. When you take a bit of time to clean up some trash not only do you have a better trail or beach to come back to, you have helped to make it safer and nicer for the next user. This simple measure just might influence others to keep it clean, as well.

When on the water with the canoe we also clean as we go by diving for garbage below the surface using a mask and snorkel. It is amazing the finds we have from these excursions under water. One of the first times we did this, we found an expensive diving mask in about 30 feet of water - enough incentive to continue this practice! We have found antique bottles, jewelry, fishing lures and reels.

It feels very good to clear up a beach of shards of broken glass hiding just below the surface before an unwary swimmer splashes into it. It does not, however, feel as good to find a large fish hook by imbedding it in the bottom of your foot. Take heart in knowing you have done a good thing as your expletive echoes off the far mountainside. Imagine an innocent child stepping on that hook instead of you and decide if it is worth taking the time…

About the Author

– Written by Dave and Lillian Brummet based on the concept of their new book Trash Talk. The book offers useful solutions for the individual to reduce waste and better manage resources. A guide for anyone concerned about his or her impact on the environment. (http://www.sunshinecable.com/~drumit)

Is your company aware of the heavy fines and penalties that can be imposed on your organization for infringing environmental laws and regulations? Many companies are not.

It’s important to know that your organization can be fined for many different kinds of infringement, not just for incidents of pollution. Examples are:

- Failure to register, for example, with the appropriate regulatory agency or compliance scheme.

- Failure to report specific incidents, such as environmental infringements and impacts

- Failure to comply with the law, for example, regulations relating to pollution prevention and control, waste packaging requirements, emission levels, countryside and habitats protection, and planning and building regulations.

- Failure to keep proper records, such as those related to disposal of hazardous waste materials, waste management licenses, and local air pollution control.

- Lack of certification, including water discharge consents, IPPC Permits, and certificates of competence.

- Provision of false information

- All of these breaches of the environmental regulations can result in your organization being heavily fined. It’s not just the fine, which can result in a substantial financial penalty, it’s also the damaging publicity associated with the infringement that is so important for your corporate reputation.

In today’s world, everything from refrigerator disposal to vehicle emissions, through river water quality, the construction of incinerators, the use of packaging, energy, waste and water infrastructure, pollution abatement, ownership and development of contaminated land, production of chemicals and policy on climate change, is subject to legislation.

International Treaties such as Kyoto, the Montreal Protocol on ozone depleting substances, WTO trade rounds and UN Conventions and Declarations such as the Johannesburg summit on sustainable development in 2002, all require Governments to take action at national level by agreed deadlines. Even companies that don’t consider themselves directly affected by much of this, may find that their clients or suppliers are faced with new regulatory requirements.

Each year, thousands of companies are prosecuted and fined for environmental offences, and there is pressure every year for the level of penalties to increase, especially for repeat offenders.

The rules and regulations are changing all the time and you need to be certain that you are fully informed about new proposals long before they are introduced.

Just remember, it’s not just incidents of pollution that can lead to heavy fines. Failure to register, failure to report, failure to comply, failure to keep proper records, lack of certification offences, provision of false information - these are all treated as serious breaches of environmental law.

It’s no good pleading ignorance of the law - that’s no defence.

You need an early warning system, which ensures that you are always well informed about your responsibilities.

The number 911 has been in the news quite frequently in the last couple of years.

911 is the emergency number dialed by people when they need fire, police or ambulance assistance in a hurry. In the year 911 the Lower Seine area was ceded to the Norse invaders under Hrolf Ranger as the Duchy of Normandy (treaty of St Claire sur Epte).

Anastasius III became Pope from 911-913.

The Danes started the towv of Drogheda in Ireland.

9 11 also stands for the horrendous attack by terrorists on New York City and the Pentagon in which thousands of people were murdered.

Here are some pertinent questions that to this day still have not been answered:

Why did the FBI stop their investigation in Mid 1996 of two of Osama bin Laden’s relatives in Washington and a Muslim organisation, the World Assembly of Muslim Youth?

Was it because they had orders from higher up to stop any investigations related to the Bin Laden Family?

Why did George W.Bush give the order to stop inquiries into the terrorist connections of the Bin Laden family based in the US and abroad in early 2001?

Why did the US Government allow all the Bin Laden Family members to fly out of the US while all other air-Traffic was grounded? Was it because the Bin Laden family has been funding the Bush family politically for a long time?

Why did none of the 19 hijackers appear on the passenger lists involved in the 4 hijjacked planes? Can you explain, why none of the indestructible Black Boxes have been found at any of the crash centers? When was the last time George H.W. Bush travelled to the Middle East on behalf of the privately owned Carlyle Group, one of the largest defense contractors in the U.S. and what was the purpose of that meeting? If we knew that there was a terrorist attack going on, which we did, and we suddenly have two trade towers in New York being obviously hit by terrorist activity, and we also knew of commercial airliners changing course from Boston to Los Angeles, then where was the response of the defense establishment once we saw the diversion of the aircraft headed west from Dulles turning around 180 degrees and, likewise, in the aircraft taking off from Newark and, in flight, turning 180 degrees?

Answer:

Commenting from CNN on the timeline, 9:03 is the correct time that the United Airlines flight crashed into the south tower of the World Trade Center; 9:43 is the time that American Airlines flight 77 crashed into the Pentagon. And 10:10 a.m. is the time that United Airlines flight 93 crashed in Somerset County, Pennsylvania.

Discrepancies between Joint Chiefs of Staff investigations and findings of the 9/11 commission:

There was a highly classified United States Special Operations Command program under the command of the U.S. Special Operations Command .It was created as a result of a directive from the Joint Chiefs’ of Staff in early October 1999 by the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Hugh Shelton ,to develop an Information Operations Campaign Plan against transnational terrorism, “specifically al-Qaida.” According to statements by Lt. Col. Anthony Shaffer and confirmed by four others, Able Danger had identified the September 11, 2001 attack leader Mohamed Atta , and three of the 9/11 plot’s 19 hijackers, as possible members of an al Qaeda cell linked to the ‘93 World Trade Center Attacks.

The group used all information legally collected under the rule of law. Primarily consisting of classified information, all publicly obtained information was approved after a legal review of SOCOM lawyers. The early identification of the four hijackers by Able Danger appears to contradict the official conclusion of the 9/11 Commission,that American intelligence agencies had not identified Atta as a terrorist prior to the attack. This has resulted in a political controversy that has begun to damage the credibility of the bipartisan 9/11 Commission.

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Clean Energy: Peering Down China’s IPO Pipeline

By Catherine Lacoursiere February 22, 2006

The Chinese IPO boom appears to be building on strong momentum. Reuters reports that 42 percent of Chinese companies are planning stock issues and over 50 have received approval and plan to go public in 2006. This is good news for clean energy. While investors have devoured shares of Chinese solar gear maker Suntech Power Holdings (NYSE: STP), clean technology IPOs out of China have been sparse.

It is easy to see the attraction to China cleantech. Domestically, renewable energy consumption is growing in excess of 25 percent. Globally, companies like Suntech Power, which exports 90 percent of its production, are enjoying an export boom. Chinese exports are growing at close to 30 percent a year.

Investors will soon see their growing appetite for China new energy satiated. Recent changes in China’s capital markets will make it easier for Chinese companies to gain access to financing, both at home and abroad. Up until 2002, the process for a Chinese company to issue an IPO was difficult and required the approval of the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC). Additionally, last year, China halted domestic IPO issuance amidst growing concerns over corporate governance practices. The move also provided a more captive market for the floatation of over $200 billion in shares of Chinese privatized, state-owned companies.

As a result, global exchanges have witnessed an invasion of Chinese IPOs. In 2005, 80 percent of all IPOs on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange were Chinese H-shares. Following Suntech, the New York Stock Exchange now hosts 25 Chinese companies. Last week, China announced that it is making it easier for small and medium-sized technology enterprises to gain access to domestic capital. Measures to be taken include easing restrictions on the IPO registration process and allowing SMEs to issue bonds. And plans are in the works for a separate stock exchange for smaller companies, similar to London’s Alternative Investment Market (AIM).

Don Ye, Director of the Beijing-based China Environment Fund, the leading sustainable investment fund in China, emphasizes that many of the Chinese companies receiving positive receptions on foreign exchanges have a large foreign export base. China benefits from a manufacturing advantage that includes both lower costs and human capital, “Chinese talent,” says Ye. The China Environment Fund’s second fund, which closed in November, is focusing on renewable energy and energy efficiency technologies.

Investor preference for concrete sales abroad also reflects the murky accounting that was a characteristic of the last Chinese IPO boom in 2001. One such practice involved shell companies acquiring privatized state assets and prepping the new company for sale. Moreover, according to Reuters, Chinese valuations are more in line with expectations today, dropping to 20 times earnings from 60 in 2001.

Going forward, CEF’s Ye expects to see more solar issues as clean technology IPO issues from China pickup. “One reason the solar PV market is going well is because the government has given it lots of subsidies.” Chinese wind technology, such as advanced blades, is another market benefiting from subsidies and expected to “quickly” pick up over the next couple of years. In addition to large export opportunities, demand in the domestic market is increasing as GDP growth continues to outpace the rest of the world. So far, one CEF portfolio company, Dongjiang Environmental (HKSE: 8230), a hazardous waste company that recovers metals from electronic waste, has gone public. Net profits of China’s leading hazardous waste company are increasing at a CAGR of 18 percent a year, according to First Shanghai Securities.

Investors also will follow the momentum–solar plays in the US market and water purification in Singapore, for instance. With hundreds of Chinese cities facing water shortages, Asian companies with wastewater treatment technology have been flooding the market with IPOs in recent years, particularly the Singapore Exchange due to its higher price-to-earnings ratios. Hyflux (SGX: HYFL.SI), a leading Asian maker of water purification and treatment systems, was the first company to list on the Singapore Stock Exchange in 2001. More recently, the issue of Asia Water Technology, a Chinese water treatment company now headquartered in Singapore, was almost eight times oversubscribed.

As China lifts its 10-month moratorium on domestic IPOs, however, foreign exchanges will not only have to compete harder for China’s new issues but also domestic IPOs if China follows through with its intention to launch Chinese depositary receipts (CDRs). Either way, with plans to also open the floodgates to more foreign institutional investors, there will be more investment pipelines to China’s clean technologies.

Disclaimer

Catherine Lacoursiere is an independent columnist for this web site. Catherine Lacoursiere may hold long or short positions in any of the stocks mentioned in this article and those positions can change at any moment.

InvestorIdeas.com Disclaimer: www.InvestorIdeas.com/About/Disclaimer.asp, InvestorIdeas is not affiliated or compensated by the companies mentioned in this article. Catherine Lacoursiere is a freelance writer. Nothing in the articles should be construed as an offer or solicitation or recommendation to buy or sell any specific products or securities. Past performance does not guarantee future results.